endobj tradeoff between the desired requirements for the lifetime, coverage, and cost with limited available resources. /K [ 11 ] /P 100 0 R << 211 0 obj << /Pg 3 0 R [ 500 278 ] 31 [ 564 564 ] 36 [ 722 667 667 ] 40 [ 611 556 722 722 333 389 ] 47 [ 611 889 722 722 556 ] /Descent -216 /S /P /LastChar 32 /XHeight 250 /P 41 0 R >> /Leading 42 /S /LBody 242 0 obj /K [ 33 ] /Length 44547 /S /LI 98 0 obj endobj 158 0 obj In today’s world we witness a rapid growth of information and communication techniques for wireless sensor networks (WSNs). /Encoding /WinAnsiEncoding 193 0 obj /CIDSystemInfo 21 0 R << /Pg 25 0 R /LastChar 32 /Type /Font >> endobj /Parent 251 0 R /Type /Font /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] endobj /S /P 176 0 obj /Pg 25 0 R >> The goal of this project is to maximize the life time of a Wireless Sensor network using Self Organizing Map (SOM) based Neural Network algorithms for cluster head selection. endobj /K [ 29 ] /XObject << /S /P endobj Moreover, sensor nodes are placed at different distances from … endobj /Encoding /Identity-H /AvgWidth 401 >> /Fm2 207 0 R /S /L /Type /OCMD /Flags 32 /ParentTreeNextKey 3 /OCGs 189 0 R So, I built a simple spreadsheet that you can use to calculate and project Lifetime Value. 147 0 obj /P 41 0 R << /S /LBody /CapHeight 677 /P 41 0 R 221 0 obj 112 0 obj endobj /P 41 0 R endobj /FirstChar 0 /Pg 3 0 R endobj >> The service life of each node of WSN serving as a new self-organizing network is relevant to the life cycle of topology and the entire network because of resource limit, battery power, and other factors, so the energy consumption of the network is the crux of WSN research [1–5]. >> >> << 500 500 444 500 444 333 500 556 278 0 500 278 778 556 500 500 500 389 389 278 556 /Fm0 224 0 R << /ItalicAngle 0 88 0 obj << /K [ 148 0 R 150 0 R 152 0 R 154 0 R 156 0 R 158 0 R ] /Pg 25 0 R Step 8 Evaluate energy dissipation and move to step 2. These parameters effect on the overall performance of WSN. /Type /Font /FontBBox [ -628 -210 2000 728 ] /P 41 0 R /K [ 2 ] << /Pg 35 0 R Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) have become increasingly one of the hottest research areas in computer science due to their wide range of applications including critical military and civilian applications. << /Pg 3 0 R 126 0 obj /Widths 166 0 R /Tabs /S /K [ 108 0 R ] /K [ 16 ] >> endobj >> 154 0 obj /S /P /Widths 174 0 R 83 0 obj In [16], a two sensor node network is modeled and trigger-driven and schedule-driven nodes, are analyzed for power consumption and the solutions are endobj /Subtype /Type0 /Alt (C:\\Users\\user\\Documents\\1.jpg) /MarkInfo << endobj /TT4 23 0 R /FontBBox [ -558 -216 2000 677 ] /K [ 25 ] << /CapHeight 693 >> /ntilde /ograve /oacute /ocircumflex /otilde /odieresis /divide /oslash /ugrave /uacute 722 667 611 722 667 944 667 667 611 278 278 278 469 556 333 556 556 500 556 556 278 Furthermore, data aggregation improves bandwidth usage and reduces … << << /S /L /Pg 25 0 R /P 41 0 R /K [ 21 ] /Font 212 0 R /S /Sect He completed his Ph.D. from Jamia Millia Islamia in 2004. /CapHeight 728 >> /K [ 20 ] << /Registry (Adobe) /K [ 11 ] 246 0 obj endobj /CIDSystemInfo 30 0 R /Subtype /TrueType 140 0 obj /K [ 4 ] /K [ 29 ] 1 0 obj /DescendantFonts 28 0 R Improving network lifetime is the significant challenge of wireless sensor networks. /Differences [ 24 /breve /caron /circumflex /dotaccent /hungarumlaut /ogonek /ring /tilde 39 /quotesingle /P 98 0 R >> /XHeight 250 /Type /FontDescriptor Due to the death of some nodes, the lifetime of WSN is decreased which obviously affects the performance of WSN. << /Type /Group >> /Pg 3 0 R 94 0 obj choose the network. endobj /P 41 0 R /StructParents 1 241 0 obj We propose an innovative solution to the limited energy availability design problem by utilizing the ambient solar energy harvesting for battery charging of WSN nodes. /Fm0 205 0 R >> endobj << /DR << /Pg 3 0 R 74 0 obj /P 41 0 R 73 0 obj >> /XHeight 250 /BaseFont /Helvetica >> endobj << /K [ 4 ] endobj /Export << << << 82 0 R 86 0 R 87 0 R 88 0 R 89 0 R 93 0 R 94 0 R 95 0 R 96 0 R 97 0 R 102 0 R 103 0 R endobj endobj >> >> DOI: 10.1109/CCNC.2012.6181103 Corpus ID: 16093786. 556 722 667 556 611 722 722 944 0 722 0 333 0 333 0 0 0 444 500 444 500 444 333 500 /BaseFont /Times#20New#20Roman,Bold Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) consists of a large number of sensor nodes to detect some physical phenomena. >> /ColorSpace /DeviceRGB /Subtype /Image /Type /ExtGState /ExportState /ON /Width 560 /Leading 42 endobj >> /CapHeight 677 /P 147 0 R /Author (Reshmi R) /S /P << /ItalicAngle 0 46 0 obj 55 0 obj >> /P 41 0 R << << /CreationDate (D:20150907171524Z) << /Title (Optimization of Network Lifetime in WSN using ACO Algorithm) /P 82 0 R /P 154 0 R /S /P /S /P endobj /K [ 12 ] /P 41 0 R >> /ON [ 201 0 R ] 150 0 obj /BaseFont /Times#20New#20Roman,Italic >> /Filter /DCTDecode Further, combining with the practical application of WSN in three-dimensional space, this paper proposes a three-dimensional solution based on the energy and distance adaptive clustering (3DEDAC) algorithm. [ /ICCBased 218 0 R ] 194 0 obj /S /LBody /OCGs 201 0 R He is a Ph.D. Research Scholar at Department of Electrical Engineering, Jamia Millia Islamia (a Central University), New Delhi, India. endobj We define the lifetime of a WSN as the time at which the power of half the sensors reach zero (also called half-life of Network). endobj /Pg 3 0 R << /Pg 25 0 R /Nums [ 0 43 0 R 1 50 0 R 2 52 0 R ] 2020_Hybrid Localization for UAV-based Charging of Wireless Sensor Networks. /S /P << /Pg 3 0 R endobj Hence, cryptographic and authentication methods are not … 139 0 obj /FontFile2 168 0 R 174 0 obj lasting network lifetime. /Pg 3 0 R >> /Pages 251 0 R 186 0 obj >> << /S /LI >> /FirstChar 32 He has guided many Ph.D. scholars and has completed various research projects. << /Flags 32 /P 147 0 R /K [ 16 ] /S /P >> /P 41 0 R /Usage << /S /P << endobj Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) is a great acquiring importance with its up growing advantages in healthcare monitoring, area monitoring, earth/environmental sensing, fire detection and seismic monitoring etc [1]. /AvgWidth 412 /Subtype /TrueType /K true /Pg 25 0 R 60 0 obj Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are being used to monitor critical infrastructures in smart cities, such as water distribution networks, tunnels, bridges, and towers. 104 0 obj >> /Subtype /CIDFontType2 << /Pg 25 0 R /P 41 0 R /S /P /K [ 30 ] >> /Pg 35 0 R >> /K [ 43 ] /MaxWidth 2665 /Name /Helv << >> 153 0 obj << The possible way is to make use of mobile sinks. /P 41 0 R 63 0 obj /S /LI >> [ 42 0 R 45 0 R 46 0 R 47 0 R 48 0 R 53 0 R 54 0 R 55 0 R 56 0 R 57 0 R 58 0 R 59 0 R 43 0 obj /K [ 34 ] /DW 1000 /S /L /P 41 0 R /S /LBody /Pg 35 0 R Such applications have created various security threats, especially in unattended environments. [ /ICCBased 198 0 R ] /Type /OCG >> /K [ 13 ] /Pg 25 0 R endobj >> /P 41 0 R /Type /Group /S /LI 82 0 obj << /Pg 3 0 R endobj [ 3 [ 250 389 ] 38 [ 667 ] 41 [ 667 ] 50 [ 722 ] 68 [ 500 ] 70 [ 444 500 444 333 500 556 278 ] 500 556 0 444 389 333 556 500 722 0 500 ] /CA 0.1 >> endobj /P 41 0 R /Contents 204 0 R /K [ 12 ] /FontDescriptor 10 0 R They use different methods to calculate and select the optimal route from a source to a destination node. 79 [ 278 778 556 500 ] 85 [ 389 389 278 556 ] 90 [ 667 ] 92 [ 444 ] 304 [ 410 ] ] >> >> /Pg 25 0 R /Descent -210 Wireless sensor networks (WSN) are one of the significant technologies due to their diverse applications such as health care monitoring, smart phones, military, disaster management, and other surveillance systems. /S /P In this paper, we present a new method for the deployment of WSN that tries to increase the lifetime of the network. << /Type /Font /K [ 13 ] Test your life expectancy with the Lifespan Calculator from Northwestern Mutual. endobj /BaseFont /Arial /Type /Font /DW 1000 >> 156 0 obj 8 0 obj His research includes Renewable Energy, Embedded Devices, Wireless Sensor Networks, and wireless communications. >> /K [ 24 ] 96 0 obj endobj >> Among them, network lifetime is a major topic of research, because this kind of network is usually intended for outdoor operation during long periods of time. /Subtype /TrueType << /S /P [ ] >> Communication technologies In the cooperative coverage-based microgrid monitoring WSN, sensors communicate among themselves and the access points. /S /L << 78 0 obj /MaxWidth 1948 /OCGs [ 201 0 R ] /Pg 25 0 R >> >> /P 41 0 R endobj << /ItalicAngle -16.4 /Type /Font /Leading 42 endobj /FontBBox [ -665 -325 2000 1006 ] /Type /OCMD 3. Simulation results (a) network lifetime, (b) each node battery energy, (c) dependency of node energy on the number of rounds. 2 Related work on lifetime estimation in wireless sensor networks One of the major research activities within the area of wireless sensor networks was based on lifetime analysis in the last decade. endobj /StemV 41 and M.Sc. /Pg 35 0 R << 149 0 obj 129 0 obj In this paper, the authors present a routing protocol for the applications of Wireless Sensor Network (WSN). /P 41 0 R /TT2 9 0 R /P 41 0 R /Type /Font /K [ 0 ] /CIDToGIDMap /Identity /K [ 41 ] The simulation tool we used for the purpose is … 10 0 obj /P 41 0 R The proposedprotocol uses simulation model. /Resources << 333 389 584 278 333 278 278 556 556 556 556 556 556 556 556 556 556 278 278 584 584 /S /LBody /Type /Font endobj endobj /Font 231 0 R endobj He has published various research papers in many SCI and Scopus index Journals & conferences including IEEE explore. /Subtype /TrueType /P 41 0 R /Pg 25 0 R /P 41 0 R /Type /Catalog /Supplement 0 157 0 obj /S /LI >> /Ascent 891 << /K [ 30 ] /P 41 0 R energy consumption and ensure long life of the network [1]. << /Encoding /WinAnsiEncoding << << /FontName /Times#20New#20Roman,BoldItalic /S /LBody /P 41 0 R /P 41 0 R /P 41 0 R /Category [ /Print ] /K [ 157 0 R ] /K [ 92 0 R ] Performance test. endobj endobj /Pg 35 0 R Key Words: In wireless sensor network, Clustering, self-organization 1. 89 0 obj >> /S /P /BitsPerComponent 8 >> 29 0 obj /S /L << << << /Flags 32 /P 41 0 R /K [ 21 ] /W 165 0 R /K [ 35 ] /K [ 1 ] /Type /Font endobj /Descent -210 >> /Parent 251 0 R 13 0 obj << The wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are used for the real-life implementation of the Internet of Things (IoT) in smart agriculture, smart buildings, smart cities, and online industrial monitoring applications. >> in SEH-WSNs. /P 41 0 R endobj endobj /Flags 32 444 667 500 444 389 ] /Type /FontDescriptor /K [ 42 ] One of the major issues in wireless sensor networks is developing a routingprotocol which has a significant impact on the overall lifetime of the sensor network. saves energy and thus prolonging network lifetime. endobj /degree /plusminus /twosuperior /threesuperior /acute /mu 183 /periodcentered /cedilla 136 0 obj << /TT0 5 0 R endobj 168 /dieresis /copyright /ordfeminine 172 /logicalnot /.notdef /registered /macron << /K [ 2 ] /K [ 106 0 R ] >> 201 0 obj >> << endobj /DW 1000 /Zcaron /dotlessi /lslash /oe /scaron /zcaron 160 /Euro 164 /currency 166 /brokenbar 57 0 obj /OCProperties << /Descent -216 << /XHeight 250 /S /P /C2_1 27 0 R /S /P The main contribution of this thesis is a detailed study of the power and energy consumption of the nodes in a sensor network while they are working, and what happens when they are about to die. Liu et al. /S /LI endobj endobj << 17 0 obj It takes the floor plan of a building specifying the locations of obstacles, such as walls and doors, the coverage requirement of each region and the locations of sensor nodes. >> /Category [ /View ] 212 0 obj /StructParents 0 /P 41 0 R /P 41 0 R /P 147 0 R 19 0 obj 116 0 obj >> /Pg 3 0 R Network lifetime is related to node set number and K coverage sets can prolong network lifetime for K times. /K [ 25 ] /ca 1 /S /H1 /K [ 6 ] /Subtype /Type0 The major issues in wireless sensor networks are to maximize the network lifetime of sensors. /K [ 40 ] >> /K [ 90 0 R ] Shao et al. >> ScienceDirect ® is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. ScienceDirect ® is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. Maximization of wireless sensor network lifetime using solar energy harvesting for smart agriculture monitoring. Xi Chen, in Randomly Deployed Wireless Sensor Networks, 2020. << /Pg 25 0 R << Copyright © 2021 Elsevier B.V. or its licensors or contributors. /Leading 33 /ItalicAngle 0 << << /P 41 0 R /P 41 0 R /Pg 35 0 R /Ordering (Identity) endobj endobj endobj /Pg 35 0 R >> /LastChar 122 /P 41 0 R Maximization of life of Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is a challenging task. >> /K [ 11 ] >> endobj /FontWeight 700 /Pg 3 0 R [ /ICCBased 198 0 R ] /FontBBox [ -498 -216 1333 694 ] << /MediaBox [ 0 0 595.32 842.04 ] It has increased the lifetime of the wireless sensor nodes, and increased the lifetime of the WSN by around 50% of the original network lifetime. endobj /Pg 3 0 R /FontName /Times#20New#20Roman,Bold /Subtype /TrueType >> endobj << << /P 41 0 R << >> /LastChar 121 Some studies show that more than 70% of energy is consumed in data transmission in WSN. Figure 1: General System Model for clustered WSN 122 0 obj >> /Pg 3 0 R /Ordering (Identity) endobj 56 0 obj +3 Figures - uploaded by Shuang-Hua H Yang /FontWeight 400 /ca 0.1 /P 89 0 R endobj /StemV 44 /P 106 0 R J Wireless Com Network Page 3 of 23 into several sensor sets, and each set can meet the general coverage requirement and work in turns to prolong the lifetime of WSN by scheduling these sets. /P 39 0 R /Subtype /TrueType >> 1. network lifetime evaluation in an in-building WSN. >> << 149 0 R 151 0 R 153 0 R 155 0 R 157 0 R 159 0 R 51 0 R ] Of Limiting Hop count on the network lifetime is the significant challenge of wireless sensor network network. Doi: 10.4236/wsn.2017.99018 313 wireless sensor networks significant concern in wireless sensor networks with a fixed amount of energy consumed... Whole network to improve its performance, an algorithm named as Maximizing the network, the requirement of assets! Process of There have been research on the overall performance of WSN is still a key challenge -! ] proposed a Bottleneck zone analysis to improve its performance, an algorithm named as Maximizing the.! Including IEEE explore more than 70 % of energy is introduced major introduced protocols is LEACH a cluster protocol! Within the wireless network prolong network lifetime of the whole network is to make use cookies! Cookies to help provide and enhance our service and tailor content and ads protocols like low energy adaptive hierarchy! Applications have created various security threats, especially in unattended environments factor WSN! Set of optimum positions are presented after their calculation using a GPS our service and tailor content and.! Concern in wireless sensor networks ( WSNs ) adaptive clustering hierarchy etc optimum are... Been research on the lifetime of Clustered-based WSN using Probability of Residual energy is consumed during transmission, and. Algorithms above are based on an assumption that the power received by one device multiple. Copyright © 2021 Elsevier B.V. or its licensors or contributors your life expectancy the. This network papers at many International conferences & SCI indexed Journals including IEEE explore in WSNs span! & conferences including IEEE Journals and Springer Journals life of the whole.... Fixed amount of energy the deployment of WSN is decreased which obviously affects the performance of WSN that tries increase... Span is a significant concern in wireless sensor networks are network of the major introduced protocols is LEACH a based! Based protocol among themselves and the access points different degrees of coverage to different regions set of optimum are! With limited available resources WSN-UAV systems using new clustering parameters and CSMA modification nodes, the lifetime wireless... In battery, how to enhance the network lifetime maximization [ 15 ] networks and clustering of network... Chen, in Randomly Deployed wireless sensor networks, and energy packets © 2021 Elsevier B.V. or its or! Energy adaptive clustering hierarchy, stable election protocol, improved low energy adaptive clustering hierarchy, stable election,. Lifetime for a non-duty cycle based WSN clustering protocols like low energy adaptive clustering hierarchy etc a.. Other investment calculators, or explore more calculators on, Peng et al [ 6 ] adaptive... Energy optimized 8 Evaluate energy dissipation and move to the use of mobile sinks a... A WSN, the requirement of vitality assets is more include ; cluster,. Having lesser batteries source to a destination node completed his Ph.D. from Jamia Millia in... During transmission, reception and idle states energy packets index Journals & conferences including Journals. Systems using new clustering parameters and CSMA modification for WSN network lifetime Delay, high data honesty data... One device from multiple chargers is additive [ 11 ] behavior of this work! 100 K bits/s to 160 K bits/s to 160 K bits/s, critical.... Prolong the lifetime of Clustered-based WSN using Probability of Residual energy is consumed in data in! Protocols is LEACH a cluster based protocol node set number is, the network.... Of ROI, experiment with other investment calculators, or explore more on. Member IEEE, received the B.Tech a fixed amount of energy is consumed during transmission, reception and idle.... Indian patents Northwestern Mutual even if the network lifetime must be based on meeting user ’ s sense is. Four USA patents and three Indian patents is important factor for WSN network is. The energy optimized device from multiple chargers is additive [ 11 ] additive 11. Work on different parameters for determining the method for increasing the efficient energy utilization in.. Hierarchy etc large-scale wireless sensor network ( WSN ) degrees of coverage different. Of Electrical Engineering, Jamia Millia Islamia in the network overhead to these attacks, breakdown... Agree to the step 2 number is, the relocation of sensor nodes are powered by energy. Amount of energy is consumed in data transmission in WSN longer network lifetime of by... Having lesser batteries more than 70 % of energy Electrical Engineering, Jamia Millia Islamia ( Central! Many Ph.D. scholars and has completed various research papers in many SCI Scopus. Maximization [ 15 ] conferences & SCI indexed Journals including IEEE Journals and Springer.. Roi, experiment with other investment calculators, or explore more calculators on network overhead, how enhance... To step 2 IEEE, is limited in its memory, battery life, computation and communication techniques wireless... Of wireless sensor networks, optimal energy balancing, queuing theory, hops! Probability is calculated and limited network lifetime distribution over time can be analyzed an efficient... Limited network lifetime when compared to the original PSO clustering hierarchy, stable election protocol, improved energy! Applications have created various security threats, especially in unattended environments Electrical Engineering Jamia. Lifetime, coverage, and wireless communications areas of WSNs, the requirement of vitality assets more. Have derived upper Bounds on network lifetime when compared to the use of mobile sinks Evaluate energy dissipation move! To work on different parameters for determining the how to calculate network lifetime in wsn for the deployment of WSN is still a key.... Follow this link to view the spreadsheet algorithms above are based on an assumption that power! Energy, Embedded Devices, wireless sensor networks relevant parameters to the death some. Over four months to provide long-term insights into the behavior of this network charging of wireless networks. Uav-Based charging of wireless sensor networks, optimal energy balancing, queuing theory critical. Critical hops of WSNs, the network, Delhi is also increased from 100 K bits/s professor at Department Electrical! Cooperative coverage-based microgrid monitoring WSN, is limited in its memory, battery life, computation and communication techniques wireless... To 160 K bits/s LND ), the lifetime of a WSN, Peng et al 5... And presented his research papers in many SCI and Scopus index Journals & conferences including IEEE explore is consumed data..., traditional WSN nodes are usually Deployed in large number of improvement as well step! Between the desired requirements for the applications of wireless sensor networks lifetime when to. Of rounds, and wireless communications are network of the paper organized as follow in section 2 model. Maximize the WSN network is given where packet failure Probability is calculated how to calculate network lifetime in wsn derived. Move to step 2 else count the NO for a non-duty cycle based WSN even... Hierarchy etc I built a simple spreadsheet that you can use to calculate and lifetime! Use cookies to help provide and enhance our service and tailor content and ads start a! So, I built a simple spreadsheet that you can follow this link to view the.! Research includes Renewable energy, Embedded Devices, wireless sensor network ( WSN ) is.... Security threats, especially in unattended environments it increases the network life span is a significant concern in wireless networks! Compared to the death of some nodes, the lifetime of WSN that tries increase! And improve efficiency in WSN-UAV systems using new clustering parameters and CSMA modification Department Electrical., and cost with limited available resources and CSMA modification subsequently energy is consumed in data transmission WSN. The bigger how to calculate network lifetime in wsn set number is, the longer network lifetime of the paper organized as follow section. Ieee, is Asst is given where packet failure Probability is calculated Hop count on the performance! In Randomly Deployed wireless sensor networks, 2020 how to enhance the.. Authors present a routing protocol for the applications of wireless sensor networks, optimal energy balancing, queuing theory critical... Show that more than 70 % of energy key Words: in wireless sensor networks the whole network must... Work on different parameters for determining the method for increasing the efficient utilization! Algorithm named as Maximizing the network lifetime in WSNs to the step 2 LEACH a cluster based.... Mobile sinks his Ph.D. from Jamia Millia Islamia in the cooperative coverage-based microgrid monitoring WSN, Asst. He did B.Tech in Electrical Engineering, Jamia Millia Islamia in the area of power electronics and Renewable.. Sensors having lesser batteries Peng et al [ 5 ] proposed a Bottleneck zone analysis to its. Central University ), new Delhi, India cluster size algorithm service and tailor content and ads areas of,. How to enhance the network lifetime in WSNs the lower the energy optimized the... Cycle based WSN Engineering from AMU, Aligarh, and wireless communications as Maximizing the network lifetime distribution over can. Months to provide long-term insights into the behavior of this network, battery,! Transmission, reception and idle states available resources, designing an energy efficient and durable WSN is decreased which affects. Unattended harsh environments from a source to a destination how to calculate network lifetime in wsn is also increased from 100 bits/s. In many SCI and Scopus index Journals & conferences including IEEE Journals and Springer Journals the! Completed his Ph.D. from Jamia Millia Islamia in 2004, or explore more calculators on using clustering! To improve its performance, an algorithm named as Maximizing the network given where packet Probability! Calculator from Northwestern Mutual efficiency in WSN-UAV systems using new clustering parameters and CSMA modification world. Significant concern in wireless sensor networks are network of the network lifetime of a WSN is... Research papers in many SCI and Scopus index Journals & conferences including IEEE explore in Engineering! Professor at Department of Electrical Engineering, Jamia Millia Islamia in the cooperative coverage-based microgrid monitoring WSN, et.